Using Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) is currently legal in Nigeria, with no specific laws prohibiting their use by individuals or businesses. While the government has previously restricted access to certain social media platforms, it has not outlawed the technology that allows users to bypass such blocks. According to a 2025 report by Freedom House, there are no restrictions on connectivity, and users can generally communicate anonymously and freely use encryption tools without facing legal penalties (1).
The Nigerian government, through its agencies, acknowledges the importance of cybersecurity tools in the digital landscape. Rather than banning these technologies, federal bodies often encourage their adoption to safeguard sensitive data against cyber threats. The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) actively advises telecommunications companies and the general public to employ VPNs as a defensive measure. This guidance highlights the role of encryption in protecting networks from unauthorized access and malicious actors, reinforcing the position that these tools are lawful (2).
"Ensure the use of virtual private network (VPN) to prevent an easy opportunity for APT hackers to gain initial access to your company's network. Enable spam and malware protection for your email applications, and educate your employees on how to identify potentially malicious emails."
Despite the legality of VPNs, users must remain aware of regulations concerning online behavior and data privacy. The Cybercrimes Act of 2015 penalizes the use of computers for illegal activities, meaning that using a VPN to commit a crime remains a punishable offense. Freedom House notes that while encryption is permitted, legal provisions like SIM card registration requirements and the Code of Practice for internet intermediaries can threaten user anonymity (1). Compliance with these broader laws is essential.
Source:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/nigeria/freedom-net/2025
https://www.ncc.gov.ng/media-centre/press-releases/press-statement-again-ncc-alerts-hacking-group-targeting-telcos-isps
Last updated: 14-01-2026 Disclaimer: This article does not provide legal advice. If you need legal advice, please contact an attorney directly.
