The use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) is legal in the Republic of the Congo, as there is no specific legislation prohibiting citizens from accessing or using encryption software. Residents and businesses often rely on these tools to secure their internet connections and protect sensitive data. However, the legal environment is characterized by authoritarian governance, where the lack of explicit prohibition does not guarantee freedom from state scrutiny. Users are permitted to install VPNs, but the broader context of digital rights remains restrictive (1).
Despite the technical legality of VPNs, the government maintains tight control over the telecommunications infrastructure. Authorities have historically resorted to internet shutdowns during sensitive political periods, such as elections, to limit the flow of information. While widespread censorship of specific websites is not systematically reported, the state actively monitors digital activities to suppress dissent. This surveillance environment compels many internet users to practice self-censorship, even when using protective tools like VPNs, to avoid repercussions from security services (2).
"The government surveils electronic communications of private individuals and maintains an extensive surveillance apparatus, which includes secret police and local informants. Surveillance is reportedly prevalent in public spaces in Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire. Citizens who speak out against the government are often arrested."
The risk for VPN users lies less in the technology itself and more in the activities it conceals. Individuals found using encrypted connections to communicate with opposition figures or organize protests may face harassment or arbitrary detention. The judiciary is often influenced by the executive branch, providing little recourse for those targeted by the state. Consequently, while VPNs offer a layer of digital privacy, they cannot fully shield users from the physical and legal risks associated with political expression in the country (1).
Source:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/republic-congo/freedom-world/2024
https://www.state.gov/reports/2023-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/republic-of-the-congo
Last updated: 09-01-2026 Disclaimer: This article does not provide legal advice. If you need legal advice, please contact an attorney directly.
