The use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) is currently legal in Bolivia, with no specific legislation prohibiting the possession or use of this technology. The telecommunications sector is regulated by the Authority for the Regulation and Control of Telecommunications and Transport (ATT), but they do not impose bans on encryption software for end-users. Consequently, citizens and travelers can lawfully utilize VPNs to secure their digital communications and protect their personal data without facing direct legal penalties for using the software itself (1).
Despite the legality of VPNs, the digital environment in Bolivia faces challenges regarding freedom of expression and privacy. Reports indicate that government-affiliated groups, often referred to as "digital warriors," harass critics online, creating a hostile atmosphere for independent voices. While the constitution guarantees privacy, the judiciary's lack of independence and the use of broad criminal charges against political opponents mean that internet users often employ VPNs as a necessary precaution to shield their identities from state-sponsored surveillance and intimidation (1).
"Significant human rights issues included credible reports of: torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment by government agents; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary arrest or detention; serious problems with the independence of the judiciary; serious restrictions on freedom of expression and media freedom."
Users must remain cautious, as the legal framework allows authorities to prosecute individuals for their online activities under defamation and sedition laws. The government has previously utilized these statutes to target journalists and activists, alleging that their online content incites violence or spreads disinformation. Therefore, while the tool is legal, using a VPN does not grant immunity from prosecution if the user engages in activities that the authorities deem illegal or destabilizing to the current administration (2).
Source:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/bolivia/freedom-world/2025
https://www.state.gov/reports/2023-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/bolivia/
Last updated: 09-01-2026 Disclaimer: This article does not provide legal advice. If you need legal advice, please contact an attorney directly.
